Microbiology Practice Exam

What is the recommended treatment if someone has been vaccinated against tetanus before exposure?

1. Tetanus immune globulin

2. Wound debridement only

3. Immediate antibiotics

4. No further treatment is necessary

The correct answer is: No further treatment is necessary

When someone has been vaccinated against tetanus before exposure, the recommended treatment is that no further treatment is necessary. This is because individuals who have received a complete primary series of tetanus vaccinations and have stayed current with their boosters (typically every 10 years) are considered to have adequate immunity against tetanus. Vaccination against tetanus primes the immune system to respond effectively to the toxin produced by the Clostridium tetani bacteria. The vaccine stimulates the production of antibodies, which protect the individual from developing the disease after exposure. Therefore, if a person is up to date with their tetanus vaccinations and has a clean or minor wound, they do not require additional treatment. In cases where an individual is not up to date with their vaccinations or if the wound is more severe or contaminated, they might require tetanus immune globulin or a tetanus booster; however, if prior vaccination is confirmed, those steps are unnecessary. This understanding of immunization and its implications plays a crucial role in the management of potential tetanus exposure.