Microbiology Practice Exam

What should be administered if a person has not been vaccinated for tetanus?

1. Diphtheria vaccine

2. Tetanus immune globulin

3. Only supportive care

4. Intravenous antibiotics

The correct answer is: Tetanus immune globulin

Tetanus immune globulin should be administered to individuals who have not been vaccinated for tetanus, particularly in the context of a potential exposure to the bacterium Clostridium tetani. Tetanus immune globulin provides immediate passive immunity by supplying antibodies that neutralize the toxin produced by the bacteria. This is crucial in preventing the onset of clinical tetanus, especially if the person has sustained a wound that could be contaminated. While vaccination against diphtheria is important, it does not provide any protection against tetanus. Supportive care is essential for managing symptoms but does not address the risk of toxin production in the absence of immunity. Intravenous antibiotics, while important in treating infections, do not prevent tetanus and are not preventative measures for this specific bacterium. In summary, administering tetanus immune globulin is vital to provide immediate protection against tetanus in someone who is unvaccinated and potentially exposed, securing their safety until they can receive a tetanus vaccine.